Symptoms of Groupthink
Members feel they are safe and protected from dangers,
ostracism, or ineffective action.
Members ignore warnings by rationalizing their own or
Members believe their actions are inherently moral and ethical.
Members view opponents as truly evil or stupid and thus
unworthy of or incompetent at negotiations around differences
Members pressure all individuals in the group to conform to the
group’s decision; they allow no questioning or arguing of
Members do not question the group’s decision.
Members perceive that everyone in the group has the same
Members may keep adverse information from other members
that might ruin their perceptions of consensus and the effective